Friday, August 21, 2020

A Career as an Adoption Counselor Essay examples -- Career Research

Appropriation is where by an individual accept the child rearing for another and, in this manner, forever moves all rights and obligations from the natural parent or guardians. Not at all like guardianship or different frameworks intended for the consideration of the youthful, appropriation is expected to impact a lasting change in status and as such requires cultural acknowledgment, either through lawful or strict approval. Appropriation has changed significantly throughout the hundreds of years with its center moving from grown-up selection and legacy issues toward kids and family creation; its structure moving from acknowledgment of congruity between the received and kinfolk toward permitting connections of diminished force. In present day times, appropriation is an essential vehicle serving the necessities of destitute, ignored, mishandled and runaway youngsters (Wikipedia, â€Å"Adoption†). Youngster, Family, and School Social Worker make normal yearly income of $38, 280. The work of such social laborers is relied upon to develop by 20% somewhere in the range of 2012 and 2020, per the BLS (â€Å"Adoption†). A few advocates find that since reception addresses such a significant number of family issues, it advances normally out of a progressively broad practice. A troublesome bias that reception advocates face is the recognition that they are child stealers or infant merchants. A birth mother may need support settling on the troublesome choice to surrender a youngster for reception. Numerous reception advisors are social specialists who have come to concentrate on appropriation since they have had an individual involvement in selection (â€Å"CFNC.org†). This is fairly the situation in my circumstance. My folks were going to begin the reception procedure when my mother discovered that she was pregnant. For Glory To, the most troublesome time is when position doesn’t wor... ...beneficiary own children, they shouldn’t alarm, they might have the option to receive! Works Cited Selection Caseworker: Job Description and Education Requirements. Education-Portal.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2014. CFNC.org - Career Profile. CFNC.org - Career Profile. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2014. IVCC - Illinois Valley Community College. IVCC - Illinois Valley Community College. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2014. IVCC Sociology and Anthropology. IVCC Sociology and Anthropology. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2014. McKendree University. Marching Bearcat Band. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2014. McKendree University. McKendree University. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2014. The Process. California Kids Connection. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2014. Wikipedia donors. Reception. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 10 Feb. 2014. Web. 10 Feb. 2014.

Monday, July 13, 2020

Why You Should Not Hire MBAs For Your Startup

Why You Should Not Hire MBAs For Your Startup Once upon a time, getting an MBA from any business school was one of the best investments professionals in any industry could ever make. An MBA did not only help them climb the corporate ladder very quickly, but most of the MBAs also went on to become successful entrepreneurs. Similarly, startups would also pay high salaries to hire graduates from premium business schools to enhance the performance of their management teams, but this is no longer the case.What business schools teach MBA students is insufficient to meet the requirements of fast-paced startups. Similarly, the best path to entrepreneurship nowadays is to work for startups rather than corporate management. MBA students are taught to look at the already available data to predict future outcomes. But when it comes to innovation and or exploring new markets, this method does not work at all.It is a fact that there are 74% more MBA graduates than there were at the turn of the 21st century. Every year, almost 180,000 MBAs gra duate from various business schools across the country. However, the slow job market after the recession and the declining value of the degree means the salary of fresh MBAs has decreased by 4.6% over the last few years.Still, MBAs earn twice as much as people with a regular master’s degree, finance and consulting being their favorite professions. For instance, 25% and 52% of Harvard MBA graduates accept jobs as consultants and financial advisors respectively, mostly in large corporations.In fact, MBAs are more beneficial for established and large organizations. When it comes to startups that require their employees to be super innovative, create new business models and disrupt industries, MBAs are bound to struggle. © Shutterstock.com | ImageFlowIn this article, you will read about 1) advantages and disadvantages of getting an MBA, 2) top reasons MBAs fail at startups and why you should not hire MBAs for your startup, and 3) when getting an MBA makes sense.ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF GETTING AN MBAIt is always impressive to put MBA as a credential on your resume. However, the degree has many merits and demerits, some of which are described below.Advantages of Getting an MBA:Extensive Networking with MBA Alumni: Students enrolled in MBA programs have better opportunities to network, not only with MBA alumni but with other successful businessmen as well. There are many schools that allow you to work directly with business professionals who boast years of practical experience. This can greatly help you to accentuate your business management capabilities. Then internships, which provide you a chance to meet with potential employers, are an integral part of most MBA programs. This extensive netw ork will not only help you to get a job but will also support you throughout your career.They Can Find Investors Easily: As an MBA graduate, it is very easy for you to find investors if you want to launch a new business, thanks to your extensive network. There might be many angel investors in your MBA alumni network who are willing to fund your business. Similarly, you can use your MBA as a tool to strongly present your case to an investor. Most investors look for a convincing business case and a strong team, and an MBA can help you to stand out from the rest.Superior Analytical Skills: A business professional with an MBA degree usually has superior analytical skills compared to others. You will have the basic knowledge and in some cases, firsthand experience of how the market survives, how to maintain a balance between demand and supply and what your competitors are up to. Moreover, you will have a better idea of how your respective industry works and how to formulate effective str ategies in order to thrive. You will be in a better position to influence organizational goals and work toward attaining those goals.Higher Salaries: Against common perception, your salary will be considerably higher compared to a professional with a regular master’s degree. The average salary for an MBA ranges from $70,000 to $120,000. It is pertinent to note that employees with a regular degree usually earn half as much as an MBA graduate. There is no doubt that an MBA is an expensive degree to get ($110,000 at a top university) but you can cover that investment in 2-3 years.Better Career Opportunities: If you have an MBA degree, you have better chances of getting and retaining a management level job. On the flip side, you would have to handle more responsibilities and work for longer hours in order to fulfill those responsibilities. An MBA is definitely going to increase your chances of attaining your goals whether it is to get a new job or advance your career by getting a mana gement position.Disadvantages of an MBA:MBAs Have Certain Limits: Despite its benefits, there are some genuine arguments against getting an MBA degree. Some people argue that MBAs are not very creative, and it is difficult for them to adapt. Aaron Patzer, founder of Pando Daily Quotes Mint, suggests that businesses should subtract $250K for every MBA and add $500K for every engineer. Similarly, if you somehow miss the competitive environment and higher stakes of top business schools, you may find it very difficult to adjust in the real life business world occupied by the culture of entrepreneurialism and startups.High Cost: The cost of getting a standard two-year MBA is constantly on the rise. If you want to get MBA degree from a top business school such as Harvard, you have to spend $100,000 on average. Similarly, you can spend another $100,000 if you are going to a full-time school. Making matters worse, you will have to pay most of the bills yourself despite the fact that you may be eligible for many financial aid programs. The final payment can increase by thousands of dollars if you have taken a loan to fund your education, considering the extra cost of interest.Time to Complete the Degree: A typical MBA program can take one to two years to complete. On the other hand, you may take up to eight years to complete your degree if you are studying part-time. Whether you are studying full-time or part-time, it is a big time commitment. During this time period, you are missing your family, your loved ones and important time in the present. Most importantly, you may miss a lot of better career opportunities while completing your MBA as well.Lack of Specialization: Some industries do not want a person with special training in business administration to hold a management position. What they need is a person with specialized training in the industry. You, as a generalized MBA, may not be able to get your dream job. In this case, it is far more beneficial to get a mo re focused advanced degree in economics, finance or education administration. A specialized MBA can also resolve the problem but again, specializing in one industry makes it difficult to get a job in another.Lack of Direction: Younger professionals often find it hard to maintain their focus and this is the case with fresh MBAs. Their lack of experience and specialization make it difficult for them to adjust in a new environment and make their own goals and visions come true. Most fresh MBAs are unable to move forward in a consistent direction because they usually have no idea what the business wants from them and what they need to do to mingle with the rest of the employees.Narcissism: There is nothing wrong in saying that MBAs tend to be more narcissistic as compared to other graduates. While narcissism is not a bad thing, such people are overly convinced of their own abilities. An MBA is considered an extremely prestigious degree in most countries and thus, an MBA graduate finds i t hard to follow the instructions or recognize the organizational boundaries. This is the reason why some people are reluctant to hire MBAs.Can’t Generate Their Own Ideas: Most MBA programs only cater to the academic needs of the students and offer nothing to enhance your thinking, creative and innovative skills. You may prove to be an exceptional employee in a workplace where you just have to execute some else’s business plan. However, you may find yourself at sea when you have to come up with business ideas of your own. It is a fact that most generalized MBAs struggle to offer anything new while working in a highly specialized environment.TOP REASONS MBAs FAIL AT STARTUPS AND WHY YOU SHOULD NOT HIRE MBAs FOR YOUR STARTUPThere is a host of reasons why most MBAs fail at startups, such as:They Don’t Have Business Sense: Years ago, it was very expensive to start your own business but this is no longer a case. Everyone, even with limited resources and knowledge, can run a very su ccessful business. Therefore, if an MBA desperately searches for a job, it simply means that he is not good at managing a business. In fact, it is very easy to find someone without an MBA that is more suited for a particular position. Remember that organizations mostly hire employees with certain skills which an MBA degree is unable to offer.They Can’t Think Creatively: As mentioned above, MBAs are not very adaptable or creative at all. On the other hand, skills imparted by most MBA programs are too narrowly focused, to say the least. People who do not have an MBA or any other advanced degree to fall back on tend to be more creative. Most MBAs tend to present the same solutions to different problems that might work perfectly for one organization but fail to produce similar results for another. MBAs tend to use only their academic knowledge to manage affairs because they are taught only a general overview of management.Academic Achievements Are Worthless: It sounds very harsh, but academic achievements are mostly worthless when you start your practical life. It is not very difficult to get an MBA degree, to be honest. You just have to listen to your professor, memorize lessons, read textbooks and case studies and reproduce them in the examination. What most employees want you to have is actual business exposure and experience. If you are unable to demonstrate your experience as well as passion for the job, your MBA is literally worthless.False Sense of Entitlement: It is not easy these days to get admission into a good business school. But it is never wise to believe that you can get any job you want just because you are an MBA graduate. An MBA does not tell anything about how good a business manager or entrepreneur you can be. Unfortunately, most fresh MBAs don’t realize that they can face hard times in startups just like people who are not MBAs.Limited Entrepreneurial Exposure: A typical MBA program is classroom-based and therefore, you don’t get much o f a chance to get firsthand entrepreneurial experience. Things can get especially problematic for fresh MBAs working in startups that need their employees to come up with new ideas and solutions to get the business up and running. MBAs lack the experience to make a difference to any business, let alone startups.Actions Versus Analysis: Many schools still use the Socratic Case method to teach MBA students. This method works fine in situations where a lot of information is available to make potential decisions. However, most startups don’t have time, money or information to view the problems in historical perspective. Much of the information MBAs know comes from case studies that are totally irrelevant to startups that put greater value on execution rather than analysis.MBAs Mainly Use Tools Only: Startups don’t need people who can only solve problems that are already defined and solved. They need people who can define their value proposition, pricing model and target market, etc. They usually hire someone who has the experience to identify and prioritize problems. What MBAs tend to do is to apply solutions readily available from their toolkit to most problems, giving birth to more problems rather than solving them.Attitude Problems: There is nothing wrong in saying that most MBAs, especially from top business schools, are more concerned about building their careers instead of sharing responsibility and creating stronger teams. This can really hamper the growth of startups that require their employees to work collectively rather than individually. The startup will definitely sink if everyone is working in his own direction.Unqualified Professors: Most professors are great at teaching theories to MBA students, but they are simply unqualified to teach future entrepreneurs because they themselves lack practical industry experience. It sounds harsh, but most of them have no idea how to prepare students to take on future business challenges. They don’t let thei r students think out of the box as well as research and study outside their syllabus because according to them, only textbooks are the accurate source of information students can get.The Information Is Outdated: Contrary to general belief, much of the information imparted to students in the form of textbooks and case studies is simply outdated. For instance, a new case study or theoretical paper takes a long time to get accepted because it has to go through a strong peer-to-peer process involving a lot of feedback, corrections and revisions. By the time it is accepted, it has already lost its relevance to the business world. On the other hand, startups need professionals who are current in industry trends and have the relevant experience to move the company forward.MBAs Have Lofty Expectations: MBA graduates have lofty salary expectations because they spend a lot of money to get the degree. This is understandable but unfortunately, most startups are unable to offer even average mark et salary ($90,000) to MBA graduates. Similarly, a vast majority of MBAs refuse to get a below-market salary. As a result, MBAs usually avoid working in startups.WHEN AN MBA MAKES SENSE AND WHEN IT DOESNTIf you are interested in getting into a startup ecosystem, but you are considering getting an MBA first, here are some tips to help you determine if getting an MBA makes sense for you.When an MBA Makes Sense:If you already have a certain amount of professional and personal maturity.If you are looking to switch your industry after working for more than 5 years in it.If you are able to enroll in a full-time, two-year program.If the curriculum offered is more practical and related to your industry.If you can get admission to a top business school because the more renowned the school, the more the return will be on your investment.If you enjoy learning and academic/classroom settings.If you want to get a job in a bigger startup (50 -100+ people) as a senior manager or business administr ator.When an MBA Does Not Make Sense:If you want to get experience and work in a new startup.If you just want to keep up with others who have an MBA degree.If you are missing valuable practical experience.If you can only study part-time, as it takes longer to complete the degree.If you have to take huge loans to fund your education.If you are introverted and not a team player.If you want to move to a new startup after spending only 2-3 years in an industry you don’t want to work in.If you can’t get admission to top business schools such as Harvard, Wharton or Columbia.CONCLUSIONFinally, if you do want to hire MBAs for your startup, only select graduates from top business schools. They make the pre-selection and enroll only intelligent, confident and ambitious students who have the passion and necessary qualities to succeed as a business manager in the long run. In fact, screening performed by business schools can help you hire the most talented employees for your organization.

Thursday, May 21, 2020

Mental Health Care And Substance Abuse Treatment - 1886 Words

Drug addiction is a disease of the brain and a lot of times individuals who suffer with addiction also have other mental disorders. For individuals suffering with both one issue becomes very hard to treat because another issue is intertwined. Anyone who is entering a treatment program should be assessed for the co- occurrence of both substance use and a mental disorder. Research has proven that treating both (or multiple) illnesses at the same time in an integrated fashion is generally the best treatment approach for these patients. No single treatment works for everyone, treatment is different for everyone and it should be tailored depending on the individual’s issues and their characteristics. Matching treatment settings, interventions and services to an individual’s specific needs is critical to his or her efforts in returning to productive functioning in the family, workplace and society. Dual diagnosis recovery blends the most successful aspects of mental health care and substance abuse treatment. Instead of treating each disorder separately and through two separate programs, the issues are being treated as part of a continuum. Clinicians who work in the addiction field can now be trained in the treatment of co-occurring mental health disorders. To have an effective treatment plan both issues (addiction and mental illness) needs to be considered. It is also important that the treatment be appropriate to the individual’s age, gender, ethnicity and culture. AShow MoreRelatedThe Affordable Care Act And The Substance Abuse And Mental Health Service Administration?786 Words   |  4 PagesSubstance abuse has been a known topic which has not been recognized and fully treated the way it should. Unlike general medicine, substance abuse treatments have their own facility and services apart from general settings, making it harder to get the recognition and the assistance needed to help the individuals in need. Both the Affordable Care Act and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration (SAMHSA), which is a part of the US Department of Health and Human Services have promotedRead MoreThe Mental Health Parity And Addiction Act1533 Words   |  7 PagesThe Mental Health Parity and Addiction Act (MHPAEA) of 2008. This act requires the same level of benefits for substance use treatment and mental services as one would receive for medical care from their health insurance. The MHPAEA’s requirements were expanded by the Afford able Care Act that some health insurance plans should cover mental health and substance abuse treatment and services. This act will allow many social workers to treat more patients with low incomes and that have substance useRead MoreSAMHSA Case Study758 Words   |  4 Pagesbehavioral health services (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2017). The state’s role includes choosing and demanding what services are offered to the individuals in that area, promote and ensure rules and other demands for the delivery of mental health, substance abuse services, and work together with local governments to reduce these types of illnesses, and oversee the health care delivery overall within this service statewide (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services AdministrationRead MoreHealth And Health Care Act1380 Words   |  6 Pagesrole in bringing about parity in the health care sector. The 2010 Affordable Health Care Act, the 1996 Mental Health Parity Act and var ious other legislations have improved the accessibility, affordability and quality of group health plans and insurance plans. Although a few loop holes and old laws continue o hamper efforts to bring about health care parity, the legislations are a big step in the right direction. The efforts aimed to integrate behavioral health services into mainstream medical serviceRead MoreEssay On Mental Health Treatment Program1560 Words   |  7 PagesProgram Structure This Mental Health treatment program and/ or organization focus on co-occurring diagnosis and structures to develop co-occurring disorder treatment services. This program is a non-profit, privately owned organization. It provides social services in Miami, FL. This mental health treatment program and organization will provide comprehensive behavioral healthcare to homeless women who have severe, persistent mental illness, or with co-occurring substance abuse and mental illness’. The organizationsRead MoreSubstance Abuse And The United States1210 Words   |  5 PagesSubstance abuse is a very current problem in the United States. Opiate addiction is a particularly difficult problem in the State of Vermont where the abuse of prescription opioids has created addictions for many individuals. The problem of substance abuse has severe repercussions that may encompass severe dependence and overdose.1 Substance abuse is an epidemic that cannot be ignored. However, the combined forces of over-prescription, addiction and subsequent unemployment may mean that coverageRead MoreSubstance Abuse Among Older Adults Essay1317 Words   |  6 PagesI was surprised to hear that substance abuse is a growing epidemic among our elderly because when I think of the elderly I don’t think falling over on the floor drunk or sitting at a bar knocking drinks back. It really is an â€Å"invisible epidemic†. It was shocking to hear that because of insufficient knowledge, health care providers often overlook substance abuse among older adults and fail to diagnose them correctly. â€Å"Symptoms of substance abuse in older individuals sometimes mimic symptoms of otherRead MoreMental Health And Substance Use Problems Disorders1692 Words   |  7 Pagesto Treatment Improvement Protocol No. 43 (2005), a mental disorder is defined as a disease of the mind or a brain disorder. According to SAMHSA (2016), more than eighteen percent of US citizens age 18 and older live with a br ain disorder combined with another problem. To put it another way, almost 1/5th of the US population lives with mental illness and either a substance use disorder or some other issue (SAMHSA, 2016). A co-occurring problem is defined as the coexistence of both a substance useRead MoreIllegal Substance Abuse And Addiction1196 Words   |  5 PagesIllegal substance abuse and addiction can have far-reaching negative impacts that affect not only the people who abuse drugs but also their friends, family members, the community, and government resources. Substance abuse can lead to domestic violence, child abuse, suicide, crime, automobile accidents, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV/AIDS, and unwanted pregnancy. A particular area of concern of drug use and abuse is the impact of methamphetamine (meth) labs on public safety and the environmentRead MoreHealthcare Concerning Mental Illness Essay1584 Words   |  7 PagesHealthcare Concerning Mental Illness As of now, there is no general consensus that would require states to cover mental health (Cauchi, Landess, Thangasamy 2011). Out of the 49 states that do cover mental illness, there are three main categories that vary considerably; mental health â€Å"parity† or equal coverage laws, minimum mandated mental health benefit laws, and mental health â€Å"mandated offering laws.† Mental illness is as serious a condition as any other health condition. It should be covered

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Does Religion Foster Democracy - 1383 Words

Does religion foster democracy? This question has plagued many political scientists for decades. Carsten Ancker examines the theories of Samuel P. Huntington in her work â€Å"Religion and Democracy: A Worldwide Comparison.† In 1991, Huntington hypothesized that religion led to the institutionalization of democracy, especially Christianity. Huntington referenced the rise of democracies in the 70’s that were related to the spread of religion as well as earlier, when Protestantism was popular. In his book, he refers to these democratic booms as â€Å"waves†. The third wave began in Portugal in 1974, when the Estado Novo regime collapsed. The topic of religion’s role in politics is incredibly important in a society with changing religious and moral ideals. America’s moral standards have changed to reflect a more self-centered generation where the deities are more materialistic and less spiritual. As religious ideals seem to fall by the wayside, it sta nds to reason that we should question what happens next. For the past three â€Å"waves†, democracy seems to be founded on religion and the belief in a higher power. What will the next wave bring? We may be better equipped to answer this question if we first examine the true impact that religion has on governments. If we look back at the past, it seems obvious that religion plays a role in the formation of governments. The rulers of Europe were said to be ordained by God. The Catholic church played a massive role in determining the fates of theShow MoreRelatedThe Asian Value Debate686 Words   |  3 Pages Asian Values predicated on the idea that Asian countries have a unique set of institutions and political ideologies that reflect the regions cultures and histories. Although Asia consists of diverse ethnicity and cultures who practice various religions, the core basis of most Asian cultures are similar such as the importance of collectivism and consensus. Asia as a whole lacked a regional institutional mechanism, and because of this ‘Asian Values’ has been interpreted differently by different ethnicRead MorePolitical Conflicts And The Age Of Globalization Essay1717 Words   |  7 Pagesfundamentals is rather a characteristic of deeply-divided, non-democratic societies than cons olidated democracies. In these circumstances, a different sort of compromise - that is much more difficult to attain - will be necessary to accommodate the various claims, values and ideals at stake that are inherent to ideological and identity schisms. Thorough, perilous and painstaking negotiation is needed to both foster the enlarged perspective likely to make the need for compromise apparent, and to encourage theRead MoreSummary of Primacy of Culture by Francis Fukuyama Essay1463 Words   |  6 PagesFuture Ââ€" Francis Fukuyama argues that for any new ideology or political trend to emerge that rival those of liberal democracy, it requires the precursor of developments at the level of civic society and culture. Accordingly, he sees the only civic society, and culture that seems poised to do so is Asia. Fukuyama bases his judgment on the claim that for the consolidation of democracy, there must exist four levels of change: On the first level is Ideology, followed by Institutions, then Civil SocietyRead MoreWhat are the key features and limitations of a liberal democratic state?1600 Words   |  7 PagesDemocracy is a frequently used word but its meaning is rarely fully understood. A democratic political system is one in which the ultimate political authority is vested in the people. The word democracy comes from the Greek words demos which means the people and kratos which means authority. Democracy first flourished in the ancient polis of Athens, where huge gatherings were held in order t o vote on certain issues. Liberalism is a political view that seeks to change the political, economicRead MorePolitical Philosophy Of Liberalism1098 Words   |  5 PagesLiberalism is a political viewpoint that is established on the thoughts of liberty and equality. Thus, liberalists promote various ideas that are aligned to the concepts of liberty and equality such as freedom of speech, freedom of religion, gender equality, and civil rights. In general, it can be argued that the philosophy of liberalism is focused on protecting and promoting the freedom of the people (Celikates and Jansen). As such, it presents the people as the central issue of politics. In factRead MoreEssay about Summary of Primacy of Culture by Francis Fukuyama1443 Words   |  6 PagesFuture – Francis Fukuyama argues that for any new ideology or political trend to emerge that rival those of liberal democracy, it requires the precursor of developments at the level of civic society and culture. Accordingly, he sees the only civic society, and culture that seems poised to do so is Asia. Fukuyama bases his judgment on the claim that for the consolidation of democracy, there must exist four levels of change: On the first level is Ideology, followed by Institutions, then Civil SocietyRead MoreThe Negative Effects of Imperialism in Nigeria (its possible to go into more detail, but my pages were limited to this many)1570 Words   |  7 Pagessouth. From the start of the European penetration, the missionaries who set out to convert the heathens of Africa were mostly concerned with the Niger Delta. Due to the “limited number of missionaries who spread themselves thinly”, the impact of the religion with the most followers in the world stopped short of the northernmost reache s of Nigeria. The Nigerians of the north, the Hausa-Fulani, did not have as much contact with the British as the Yoruba and Igbo did. “Change was to occur, but gradually;Read More Does Democracy Work for the Entire World? Essay1413 Words   |  6 PagesDoes Democracy Work for the Entire World? Immanuel Kant—the father of Liberal Internationalism—envisioned a world not torn by hostilities and fraught with the horrors of war. Instead he aspired to a higher level of existence— an existence to be obtained through democracy and free market capitalism, to be regulated by a hierarchy, to maintain sovereignty. Kant’s vision of a league of peace—a treaty to end all wars forever, so to speak—has yet to be accomplished. These hopes for a perpetual peaceRead MoreThe Rhetoric Of Hitler s Battle By Kenneth Burke1475 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluence the relations of the public to an enterprise, idea or group.† Manipulation is a quintessential quality in modern democracy—allowing the â€Å"executive arm of the invisible government† to control the public. For example, Hitler united a mass of people by reworking current movements and providing them with a sole leader and ideology—often using Nazi propaganda to foster a sen se of community. Similarly, Bernays asserts that propaganda is often distributed by a select leader or utilized by theRead MoreTense Present Democracy, English, And The Wars Over Usage1043 Words   |  5 PagesSummary of â€Å"Tense Present Democracy, English, and the Wars over Usage† Published in April of 2001 by Harper’s Magazine, David Foster Wallace’s essay is both a review of A Dictionary of Modern Usage by Bryan A. Garner and an interjection into the present day â€Å"Usage Wars.† Wallace’s thesis for his essay is stated after a list of grammatical errors that are overlooked on a daily basis and a few paragraphs defining SNOOT. His thesis states, â€Å"Issues of tradition vs. egalitarianism in U.S. English are

Development Of Emotional Or Psycholgical Problems In Children Free Essays

Psychologists, for a long time, have always faced the problem of how various emotional and psychological factors surface and developing human beings. In order to solve this problem, these psychologists have traced the various ailments and causes backwards towards childhood times. As a result, modern psychology, biology, and therapists have looked towards childhood markers which eventually dictate psychological and emotional well-being of children. We will write a custom essay sample on Development Of Emotional Or Psycholgical Problems In Children or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, the problem remains that tracking emotional and psychological problems that eventually surface in adults could and even in early childhood could not essentially be associated only to a single factor, but rather many other variables. In fact, recent research has continuously found many root causes and markers for predicting emotional and psychological problems in adults and especially in children. One such cause and root for emotional and psychological problems could be related to biology and genetics. As researchers have discovered, various genetic markers may be able to associate themselves with the root causes of abnormal emotional and psychological behavior. In fact, the role that genetics plays in emotion study and psychology has goes so far as to develop a whole new discipline of biological psychology which focuses on genetic factors that eventually result in the disabling or magnification of neural factors. Specifically in children, these genetic factors may affect psychology through language, pathology, learning and memory, cognition, and even over all consciousness. For example, although a society found in children has been traditionally associated environmental experiences and causes, psychologists have for a long time wondered why some kinds of anxiety disorders found in children come up so early as that social factors and cultural norms could not have played an essential role in its development. Towards this research, psychologists have discovered that there are genetic markers that could be passed from parent to offspring that directly result in nonnormal anxiety behavior. Also directly to the study of genetics is the association of other biological factors which contribution to emotional and psychological states of children. Genetics, by definition, has to do with the genes of an individual. However, imbalances in organs and biological factors and functions within the human body have also caused such psychological problems to surface in children. For example, occurrences of cerebral palsy in children — an abnormal biological condition that significantly affects emotional and psychological well-being of adults and children alike — could be associated to biological functions and biological causes. However, this research and field of connecting biological relationship to a motion and psychology of children is still in the research stage of scientific development is more and more psychologists are connecting their disciplines in euro signs. Mostly, at least, these biologists and psychologists have associated emotional and psychological issues of children to euro and brain activity which only reflects that our emotions and psychological state — even as children — could not only be associated to the environment. However, among all these disciplines, instructions, and research, a large part of the development of emotional and psychological problems in children could be associated to the environment. In fact, statistically, bringing together the research of emotional and psychological problems in children, environmental factors pose the most significant statistical and relevant cause for such behavior. Listing them all down and discussing them would fill volumes and volumes of work and relevant research has been made that connects recent environmental and social concerns that have not even been traditionally associated with emotional or psychological effects to children. For example, just one area of child psychology focuses on the family environment and how it significantly affects and causes many of the problems that surfaced early in childhood that contribution greatly to emotional or psychological health. Also, another childhood years, your pressure and social consciousness — specifically in the academic setting and age groups — has been a constant focus of child psychology research because of the significant effects that are contributed by such social pressure and social environment to the way children think and react especially to given situations. The development of emotional and psychological problems in children, therefore, could either be individual factors in genetics, biology, or environmental factors, work could also be in fact a mix of these three interrelated causal variables. Recent psychological research, again focusing on child psychology, or integrating these three disciplines through the use of open sharing of academic information, to understand the development of emotional or psychological problems in children and they said the research is well underway in the identification of still new variables and factors to problems with regard to child mental health. How to cite Development Of Emotional Or Psycholgical Problems In Children, Papers

Thursday, April 23, 2020

Organizational and Group Dynamics

Introduction Organizations are constantly evolving to accommodate different individuals from diverse backgrounds who posses different ideologies. As a result, people have ideas and beliefs that may sometimes lead to conflict within an organization. A group consists of two or more individuals who have common goals and seek to accomplish defined tasks.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational and Group Dynamics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Groups have some degree of permanence, continuity and structure (Forsyth 8). For a group to exist, certain criteria must be met. Group members must visualize themselves as a unit in demonstrating the aspect of common ideologies as well as sharing goals. Members also perceive the group as providing a sense of identification (Aamodt 464). Group dynamics defined Group dynamics refers to interactions among team members (or people in the organization) usually shaped by knowl edge, skills, beliefs and attitudes of each individual. These complex forces within the group arise from the fact that each team member brings to the team different assumptions and ideas that may conflict. A group requires purpose which motivates the team members as well as an outlined leadership structure to dictate responsibility. It also requires communication and acceptance to be embraced by the members of the group (Moir, Hanson and Wolf, 95). Conflict management Conflict arises due to the fact that each individual within a group or organization sees real world scenarios based on their personality, physical and emotional conditions as well as hidden agenda. Failure to manage conflict within the organization leads to breakdown of communication, development of animosity, rebellion and human resource inefficiency and ineffectiveness. Ultimately, the long term effect is the failure to achieve organizational goals. Conflicts can be viewed as a positive element in terms of creativity arising from alternative ideas usually as a result of individual differences. Such ideas can sometimes be considered as the best course of action within the firm. Managing conflict involves implementing strategies aimed at reducing the negative consequences of conflict while ensuring that the positive aspects are maintained. Conflict management is aimed at reducing tension and strengthening bonds between members of a group. This reduces disagreements in the event of varying interests.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Dealing with conflict It is important to understand the forces behind conflict in order to effectively deal with it. Intrapersonal forces, including individual characteristics, define an individual’s behavior. Interpersonal forces like communication, status and degree of interaction determine how people behave and relate. Environmental forces are external forces like physical settings, temperatures and conditions that affect the group. Conflict in an organization or group setting can be dealt with in a number of ways. It may be resolved through consensus building and negotiation based on agreement upon tradeoffs. Collaboration may be applied whereby the problem is redefined to arrive at an amicable solution which satisfies both parties. Avoidance may necessitate the need for both parties abandoning their interests. Compromise occurs when each party sacrifices their interests towards the attainment of the best course of action. Others prefer competition where one strongly forges forward with their ideas and opinions with little clarification. Other organizations simply avoid and ignore the conflict though this approach may worsen the status of the firm. Appropriate precautions must be considered within the firm to ensure that conflict does not cripple the organization as a result of tension created. Communication processes Communicat ion involves exchange of information which includes context, medium, receiver, sender and feedback. The communication process coordinates activities within the organization. It covers relationships and interactions of individuals within a group as they work towards achievement of a common goal. Communication may be classified as either verbal or non-verbal. Poor communication within the organization breeds conflict. To avoid this, individuals must be considered to ensure relevant information is provided to them. Clear channels of communication, which promote honesty, openness and management of transitions, must be defined. Communication should not be biased and ambiguities must be clarified to convey intended meaning. Feedback is vital as employees feel that their views and ideas are appreciated. Communication competence relies on use of proper language, verbal cues and relationship building (Franz 128). Appropriate skills and techniques of communication should be adopted and indivi duals should be encouraged to focus on problems or issues at hand rather than personalities.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational and Group Dynamics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Communication is a source of information within the firm which allows members to identify and make decisions based on presented options. Communication also assists in providing clarifications on ambiguities to boost performance of employees depending on tasks assigned or allocated. Within a group setting, communication may be affected by several factors. These include the individuals’ identity or image within the group as well as their level of acceptance by other people within the group. The extent of influence and control also determines what information can be relayed by an individual to the rest of the group members. Communication should ensure respect of individual opinions and ideas. The communication process w ithin a company depends on the organization structure. To have an effective communication process, firms must understand the barriers to communication. These include information overload which occurs when individuals are constantly bombarded with irrelevant information. Complexity in organization structure may distort information being relayed. The presence of noise, which is a form of distraction, and language differences negatively affect the communication process. Organization culture, like rebellious nature of employees and failure to pay attention, can act as a barrier to the communication process. An effective communication process is characterized by selection of appropriate channels or media to convey information. Eliminating distractions and positively receiving feedback and suggestions enhances the communication process. Communication must depict completeness, clarity and simplicity in terms of the message conveyed. The intended audience should be considered when relaying messages to ensure that they are provided with relevant information. Use of jargon should be avoided to effectively communicate. Information should also be correct and supported by evidence which should be facts.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Creativity Creativity implies emergence of risk within the organization which may be a source of conflict. Creativity refers to introduction of new ideas and practices intended to be beneficial or useful (Weth 2). Diversity in backgrounds, skills and knowledge facilitates creativity. Members of a team have ideas that distinguish common practice from excellence. A good organization should foster creativity aspects by encouraging individuals to define new methods of operation aimed at achieving objectives more effectively and efficiently. Managing creativity includes giving rewards of excellence to deserving individuals and promoting an environment that allows people to explore and develop new ideas. Premature criticism kills creativity hence firms should work towards encouraging their members to constantly develop themselves. The firm should provide support mechanisms for creativity. Creativity is crippled by negativity and failure on the part of management to support its employees. In the event that members fear failure, creativity may be hindered. Creativity is spurred by the diversity that group members possess in terms of skills, personalities and knowledge. Individuals within the organization should have a level of freedom that allows them to decide how to undertake their tasks. Employees are creative in firms where they believe that creativity will be recognized and appropriate feedback and rewards received. Unfair rewarding, critical evaluation of work processes and setting unrealistic goals limits creativity. Different management styles have varying effects on employees within firms. Management styles that depict high handedness and too much control discourage creativity. Lack of a sense of direction, excessive bureaucracy, poor reward systems and poor technical and communication skills hinders creativity. Time is a factor that must be considered due to the fact that creativity requires time for the purpose of exhaustively exploring and idea. Visionary companies have gone to the extent of developing specific programs to encourage creativity by investing in mavericks while providing desired rewards and limiting fear of failure within these individuals. Improving group dynamics Group performance is measured by productivity, efficiency and member satisfaction. The extent of member interaction and courtesy towards other members implies that the group is cohesive. Group dynamics can be improved through equitable distribution of power and responsibility as well as appreciating diversity in ideologies. The communication strategy should be inclusive to facilitate feedback which is necessary for improvement. Furthermore, communication should not victimize other members. Clear goals must be set and each member must understand the value of believing in the group. Encouragement and acknowledgement of each individual’s efforts must be recognized. The organization climate must also support collaboration and cooperation to facilitate inte ractions among individuals within a group. Functioning of the group depends on ensuring that individuals have the right attitude to foster growth and performance as well as uphold sobriety in all matters. Leadership that facilitates productive interaction must be encouraged in organization settings. Team orientation is vital to promote openness and act as an ‘ice breaker’ to allow members to share freely. This facilitates interaction with other members. Leadership must ensure a level of emotional competence which includes the awareness of one’s’ and others’ feelings in a group. This can be used as a constructive resource in achieving objectives. Focus should be on relationship building. (Moir, Hanson and Wolf 97). Conclusion Each group has a different set of norms and beliefs which members practice. To effectively manage conflicts within the organization and groups, the firm has to clearly identify the dynamics involved. These include changes in the competitive environment, scarcity of resources and the ever increasing diversity of employees. Failure to manage conflict may eventually lead to employee dissatisfaction, which directly affects productivity and turnovers. It may also lead to countless legal proceedings where parties involved seek to settle or resolve disputes in court. Management should understand that group dynamics can be a form of strategic advantage as it stimulates creativity and innovation. Successful groups are characterized by appreciation of individual qualities which can be combined to accomplish greater things within the organization. Understanding groups and incorporation of appropriate mechanisms ranging from management style, reward systems and appropriate organization climate ensures desirable productivity within the organization. Works Cited Aamodt, Michael. Industrial Organizational Psychology: An Applied Approach. California, USA: Cengage Learning, 2011. Print. Forsyth, Donelson. Group Dynamics. B elmont, USA: Cengage Learning, 2010.Print. Franz, Timothy. Group Dynamics and Team Interventions: Understanding and Improving Team Performance. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley Sons, 2012. Print. Moir, Hanson, and J. Wolf. Organization Development in Health Care: High Impact Practices for a Complex and Changing Environment. USA: Information Age Publishing,2011. Print. Weth, Andreas. Managing Innovations and Creativity: How Disney Keeps Ideas Coming. Grin Verlag, 2007. Print. This essay on Organizational and Group Dynamics was written and submitted by user Happy Hogan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Tuesday, March 17, 2020

ObjectOriented Programming vs Procedural Programming essays

ObjectOriented Programming vs Procedural Programming essays It was way back in the 1970s when Kernighan and Ritchie were working on creating a new programming language they would soon call C. It was called this because a language called B preceded it. C was created with simplicity and flexibility in mind. Its primary use was for writing operating systems, however it became popular for a wide variety of other programs. The one thing that C lacked was support for objects; it was a procedural-oriented program. In a procedural-based programming language, a programmer writes out instructions that are followed by a computer from start to finish. This kind of programming had its advantages, but an object-oriented language makes programming clearer and easier to understand. Object-oriented software is all about using objects. An object actually contains code (member functions) and data (data members). Traditionally, code and data have been kept apart. For example, in the C language, units of code are called functions, while units of data are called structures. Functions and structures are not formally connected in C. A C function can operate on more than one type of structure, and more than one function can operate on the same structure. In object-oriented programming, code and data are merged into a single indivisible thing an object. This has some big advantages. A primary rule of object-oriented programming is this: as the user of an object, you should never need to peek inside the box. The way objects work are that a message is sent in and the object knows how to handle it. Thus the user never needs to see the implementation details. By not knowing what is going on inside an object, the user is unable to change the internal implementation code. Providing access to an object only through its messages, while keeping the details private is called encapsulation. The benefits of objects do not stop with encapsulation. Objects also have the special ability to inherit...

Sunday, March 1, 2020

The History of Cable Cars and Electric Streetcars

The History of Cable Cars and Electric Streetcars San Franciscan Andrew Smith Hallidie patented the first cable car on January 17, 1861, sparing many horses the excruciating work of moving people up the citys steep roadways. Using metal ropes he had patented, Hallidie devised a mechanism by which cars were drawn by an endless cable running in a slot between the rails which passed over a steam-driven shaft in the powerhouse. The First Cable Railway After gathering financial backing, Hallidie and his associates constructed the first cable railway. The track ran from the intersection of Clay and Kearny Streets along 2,800 feet of track to the crest of a hill 307 feet above the starting point. At 5:00 on the morning of August 1, 1873, a few nervous men climbed aboard the cable car as it stood on the hilltop. With Hallidie at the controls, the car descended and arrived safely at the bottom. Given San Franciscos steep terrain, the cable car came to define the city. Writing in 1888, Harriet Harper declared: If anyone should ask me what I consider the most distinctive, progressive feature of California, I should answer promptly: its cable car system. And it is not alone its system which seems to have reached a point of perfection, but the amazing length of the ride that is given you for the chink of a nickel. I have circled this city of San Francisco, I have gone the length of three separate cable lines (by means of the proper transfers) for this smallest of Southern coins. The success of the San Francisco line led to the expansion of that system and the introduction of street railways in many other cities. Most U.S. municipalities had abandoned horse-drawn cars for electrically powered cars by the 1920s. The Omnibus The first mass transportation vehicle in America was an omnibus. It looked like a stagecoach and was pulled by horses. The first omnibus to operate in America began running up and down Broadway in New York City in 1827. It was owned by Abraham Brower, who also helped organize the first fire department in New York. There had long been horse-drawn carriages in America to take people where they wanted to go. What was new and different about the omnibus was that it ran along a certain designated route and charged a very low fare. People who wanted to get on would wave their hands in the air. The driver sat on a bench on top of the omnibus at the front, like a stagecoach driver. When people who were riding inside wanted to get off the omnibus, they pulled on a little leather strap. The leather strap was connected to the ankle of the person who was driving the omnibus. Horse-drawn omnibuses ran in America cities from 1826 until about 1905. The Streetcar The streetcar was the first important improvement over the omnibus. The first streetcars were also pulled by horses, but the streetcars rolled along special steel rails that were placed in the middle of the roadway instead of traveling along regular streets. The wheels of the streetcar were also made of steel, carefully manufactured in such a way so they would not roll off the rails. A horse-drawn streetcar was much more comfortable than an omnibus, and a single horse could pull a streetcar that was larger and carried more passengers. The first streetcar began service in 1832 and ran along Bowery Street in New York. It was owned John Mason, a wealthy banker, and built by John Stephenson, an Irishman.  Stephensons New York company would become the largest and most famous builder of horse-drawn streetcars. New Orleans became the second American city to offer streetcars in 1835. The typical American streetcar was operated by two crew members. One man, a driver, rode up front. His job was to drive the horse, controlled by a set of reigns. The driver also had a brake handle that he could use to stop the streetcar. When streetcars got bigger, sometimes two and three horses would be used to haul a single car. The second crew member was the conductor, who rode at the back of the car. His job was to help passengers get on and off the streetcar and to collect their fares. He gave the driver a signal when everyone was on board and it was safe to proceed, pulling on a rope that was attached to a bell that the driver could hear at the other end of the car.   Hallidie’s Cable Car The first major attempt to develop a machine that could replace horses on Americas streetcar lines was the cable car in 1873. Converting streetcar lines from horse cars to cable cars required digging a ditch between the rails and building a chamber under the track from one end of the line to the other. This chamber was called a vault. When the vault was finished, a small opening was left at the top. A long cable was placed inside the vault. The cable ran under city streets from one end of  the streetcar line to the other. The cable was spliced into a big loop and was kept moving by a huge steam engine with massive wheels and pulleys located in a powerhouse at the side of the street. The cable cars themselves were equipped with a device that extended down below the car into the vault and allowed the operator of the car to latch onto the moving cable when he wanted the car to go. He could release the cable when he wanted the car to stop. There were many pulleys and wheels inside the vault to make sure the cable was able to go around corners, as well as up and down hills. Although the first cable cars ran in San Francisco, the largest and busiest fleet of cable cars was in Chicago. Most large American cities had one or more cable car lines by 1890. Trolley Cars Frank Sprague  installed a complete system of electric streetcars in Richmond, Virginia, in 1888. This was the first large-scale and successful use of electricity to run a citys entire system of streetcars. Sprague was born in Connecticut in 1857. He graduated from the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland in 1878 and began a career as a naval officer. He resigned from the navy in 1883 and went to work for Thomas Edison. Many cities turned to electric-powered streetcars after 1888. To get electricity to the streetcars from the powerhouse where it was generated, an overhead wire was installed over streets. A streetcar would touch this electric wire with a long pole on its roof. Back at the powerhouse, big steam engines would turn huge generators to produce the electricity needed to operate the streetcars. A new name was soon developed for streetcars powered by electricity: trolley cars.

Friday, February 14, 2020

Environmental Problem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Environmental Problem - Essay Example equent development of the atom bomb that took the lives of millions across the globe, the real effect of technology on the life of humans was clearly evident. Our ancestors firmly believed that any form of technological advancements should enhance the knowledge of humans and be able to contain the goodness of humanity. They believed that the human condition was about transcendence and that there is a supreme reason behind the existence of mankind. They focused on practicing moral virtues and maintaining friendships. However, the world that we are in today is far from what they had envisaged. The modern world is more focused on producing goods and making money and humanity and cultural ethics are no longer finding a place in the regular businesses of men. Cultural institutions play a major role in constantly reminding us about how we have to lead our lives and ways to improve the human condition. Great philosophers such as Aristotle and Socrates believed in transcendence and channeliz ed their work and life towards living a virtuous and moral life. The change from a transcendent living towards a more secularized life can be attributed to movements such as the Renaissance, Reformation, Enlightenment and Marxism. All these movements worked towards promoting human reasoning beyond any cultural or religious belief. They lead the way to the development of modern day beliefs in relativism and agnosticism. In relativism moral beliefs no longer a common ground, rather it has become more subjective with every individual possessing their own moral beliefs and practicing the same without affecting those of another person. The religious belief held by Hebrews that God is the Supreme Being who loves all of us unconditionally and commanded us to live a virtuous life has not been reversed by agnosticism in which God is merely considered to be an idea as there is no real proof of his existence. The growth of technology has posed two serious consequences that could affect the growth

Saturday, February 1, 2020

E-Logistics and International Supply Chain Management Essay

E-Logistics and International Supply Chain Management - Essay Example This report stresses that the service management activities of a company aptly use the internet and other information and communication technologies. This is because it is the only source of information for the customers of the business. The use of internet is done to provide real time data to the customers, especially related to the interfaces with the functions of the operations and logistics departments. The internet has major impacts ion these processes in both the downstream activities and the internal parts of the supply chain. The internet is used for the recognition of events and understanding the opinion of the customers and is also used to communicate effectively with the customers regarding their needs and the responses of the company. This paper makes a conclusion that the impact of the internet is a major area of focus in the supply chain management process. The development of e-SCM is only a step forward to integrate internet effectively in the supply chain and logistic processes. The main impact of internet is that it allows the sharing of real time data which is very useful for the smooth functioning of the supply chain management system. The use of internet can lead to several benefits like there reduction in the costs, maintenance of optimal inventory levels, proper allocation of stocks, advanced planning and proper forecasting of the demands and quick response to the anticipated market demands.

Friday, January 24, 2020

Essay --

Pengenalan Di Malaysia, perkara 3(1) Perlembagaan Persekutuan memperuntukkan bahawa Islam adalah Agama Persekutuan akan tetapi lain-lain agama boleh diamalkan dengan aman dan damai di mana-mana bahagian Persekutuan. Sebelum kedatangan Inggeris undang-undang yang dikuti di negeri-negeri Melayu ialah undang-undang Islam dan adat Melayu yang sesuai. Mahkamah dalam kes Ramah lawan Laton telah memutuskan bahawa undang-undang Islam adalah undang-undang tempatan dan undang-undang negeri. Akan tetapi pengaruh undang-undang Inggeris telah dimasukkan melalui perundangan dan keputusan hakim. Supaya undang-undang Islam dikembalikan sebagai undang-undang asas dan utama bagi orang-orang Islam di Malaysia, hendaklah dinaikkan taraf dan kedudukan Mahkamah Syariah dan membebaskan dari gangguan dan campur tangan Mahkamah Sivil. Pindaan kepada Perkara 121 Perlembagaan Persekutuan yang dibuat pada tahun 1998 adalah merupakan langkah permulaan kearah tersebut. Banyak lagi yang harus dilakukan untuk meninggikan Pentadbiran Undang-undang Islam di Malaysia dan untuk membolehkan Mahkamah Syariah menjalankan tugasnya dengan baik. Di negara kita, Malaysia, Undang-undang Syariah ditadbirkan di Mahkamah Syariah dan Common Law ditadbirkan di Mahkamah Sivil. Melalui perundangan, undang-undang berasaskan Inggeris telah diterima seperti Kanun Keseksaan, Akta Keterangan, Akta Kontrak, Kanun Jenayah, Kanun Acara Sivil dan Undang-undang Tanah. Kuasa mengenai perundangan Hukum Syarak ada di peruntukkan dalam Jadual ke 9, Senarai 2 – Senarai Negeri Perlembagaan Persekutuan. Dalam pada itu, telah terdapat perkara dimana Mahkamah Sivil boleh menjalankan bidangkuasanya sungguhpun perkara itu mengenai undang-undang diri dan keluarga orang-orang Islam. Umpamanya dalam ... ... merangka dokumen undang-undang, atau memberi bantuan guaman. Sejarah Perundangan Islam. Sebelum masuknya pengaruh kerajaan British di negeri-negeri Melayu, undang-undang Islam dan Adat Melayu ialah undang-undang asas atau undang-undang negeri. Undang-undang Islam yang diikuti itu meliputi semua bidang termasuklah Undang-undang Keluarga, Undang-undang Jenayah, Undang-undang Tanah, Undang-undang Mal, dan Undang-undang Acara dan Keterangan. Kumpulan undang-undang Melayu lama seperti Undang-undang Melaka atau undang-undang yang dikumpulkan untuk Sultan Pahang mempunyai peruntukan bagi Undang-undang Mal, Undang-undang Keterangan dan Undang-undang Acara. Di Turki, Majallat-al-ahkam adalah suatu kumpulan undang-undang Mal Islam, telah diterjemahkan ke Bahasa Melayu dan diiktiraf sebagai undang-undang yang harus diikuti di mahkamah-mahkamah di Johor pada tahun 1914.

Thursday, January 16, 2020

Story for English Exam

Young killer The gunshot was still ringing in my ears as I ran to my bedroom. I shut the door and locked myself in; I couldn’t stop the tears from flowing, hitting the polished wooden floor like rain in a storm, more and more I howled. He didn’t deserve it even after everything he did. Darren was dead. Everyone thought Darren was great, he always was a charmer. Every morning he would wake up and bring me breakfast. â€Å"Alright love? † he would say with a wink. I just loved him, he had a great smile with perfect white teeth, and his caramel skin was to die for. Rich, handsome and smart, Darren was my rock my leaning post when times were hard. Everything was perfect, we were perfect, the perfect family, Darren me and the two kids- Danielle and Joshua. All seemed well to everyone, but Darren started to change, he had a problem, a drinking problem. Darren would come home drunk each night looking for a fight, glaring about, he was a lion about to devour his prey. â€Å"Where the hell is that Danielle? † he screamed one day. Danielle walked down the stairs in a timid way, she knew what was coming. Darren was mad because Danielle didn’t finish the washing up. He grabbed her hair and dragged her to the sink screaming the house down with abuse. He kicked her and hit her until he grew tired, I couldn’t bare to watch. Darren was a monster. He repeated his â€Å"game† day after day. I wanted to say something I wanted it all to stop, but I couldn’t I loved Darren far too much, I was scared he would leave me, but enough was enough especially for Danielle. I had only one option I had to run, with the kids. I packed our bags, hastily throwing clothes into suitcases, blue, red, yellow, t-shirts, jumpers flying across the room as I tried to pack as much as possible in that short space of time. I got to Danielle’s t-shirt drawer and started to clear it when†¦ Clunk! A black shiny hand gun, rattled as it hit the floor. I stared at it traumatised, the death tool staring back. Questions were whizzing through my mind, why did Danielle have this? What was it for? Where did she get it from? Danielle was a good girl who wouldn’t even hurt a fly I just couldn’t understand why something so sinister was in her possession. After at least an hour of thinking in shock I decided to stop packing this issue was far more important than running away. I took a pair of Danielle’s green skinny jeans and placed the gun inside I wrapped the rest of the jeans around the gun and popped it back in the corner of Danielle’s drawer, couldn’t take the gun because Darren would find it so I left it there for a couple of days hoping and wishing that I could forget what I saw. Months had passed and Darren was back to his lovely self, he was buying treats for the kids and he hadn’t touched a single alcoholic beverage for at least three months, I was so proud of him. Everything was back to normal and even Danielle seemed back to the happy girl we all knew and loved, she even shared the occasional smile with her dad. All of that was to good to be true, as soon as I started to believe that Darren was a changed man he disappeared for three days, I would go to my bed and shed some tears praying to God that he would return, I would lay there night after night staring into the empty space beside me I knew what I was feeling it had to be loneliness and it was turning my heart cold. I cried myself to sleep a picture of the family tucked under my pillow being my only source of happiness. The next day came in a flash and Darren stormed through the door his eyes red with rage, he pushed passed me before I could say a word and he ran for the kitchen. Nobody knew what was on his mind. Ten minutes later he returned, but with a kitchen knife in his hand me and Danielle trembled in fear. He looked at me with no love in his eyes and grabbed for Danielle I screamed â€Å"NO! † and blood was trickling down fingers as I made feeble attempts to grab the knife. He had Danielle in his grip the knife coming closer and closer to her chest, my best efforts weren’t enough, I jumped up once more and nearly had the knife when. BANG! A metal bullet flew through the air and Darren fell to the ground the bullet sticking deep in his heart.. Me and Danielle turned to see a small sized silhouette holding a gun. The person turned around it was Joshua with a pair of green skinny jeans hanging round his neck. The gunshot was still ringing in my ears as I ran to my bedroom. A fact filling my head, that my son had murdered his father but saved his sister at the same time.

Wednesday, January 8, 2020

The Theme of Dishonestly in Arthur Millers Death of a...

The Theme of Dishonestly in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman Death of a Salesman was written by Arthur Miller in 1949. It is set in the American states of Boston and New York during the 1930s great depression. The American great depression was the greatest economic collapse in the modern world. Businesses and banks closed their doors, people lost their jobs, homes, and savings, and many depended on charity to survive. Through this the American Dream was created - the idea of a perfect life, where every man owns a business and has the prefect family with the perfect house. Death of a Salesman, tells the story of a travelling salesman, Willy Loman, who experiences frustration and†¦show more content†¦This shows to the reader that Willy himself knows that he is failing and relies on these lies to give a false impression of his earnings and keep the family happy in the mind that they are financially secure. Willy also lies to Linda. We find out in the play that Willy is having an affair with an unknown woman. He doesnt let Linda know this as she knows it will hurt her so he continues to love Linda, Youre my foundation and my support, Linda. In this case Linda doesnt know anything about the affair and continues to love Willy. This lie makes Linda look innocent and venerable. Whilst Willy knows how he is cheating Linda. He also lies to the woman about their love after confronted by Biff. Theyre painting her room so I let her take a shower here. Pg.94. This lie gives the effect that makes Willy look dishonest, again another example of how Arthur Miller presents dishonesty within the play. In regards to his two sons, Biff and Happy, Willy tends to favour Biff. He knows that Biff steals but he refuses to believe this even when people tell him that he has problems. Theres nothing the matter with him! Also, Willy always wanted Biff to follow in his footsteps as a salesman and to become successful but it is Happy who has his American-dream he has everything he ever wanted working on the ranch, but yet Willy doesnt see that as